The different Swiss cows

Switzerland is a land of livestock farming, one of the main reasons why it is home to so many distinct Swiss cow breeds.

In various cultures, the cow symbolizes innocence and purity. In some, like India, it is even considered sacred; in others, it serves as the face of famous cheese brands.

This iconic animal has, over the centuries, become a source of national pride and a symbol deeply rooted in Swiss heritage.

In this article, discover the most popular Swiss cow breeds and what makes each of them unique.

The history of the Swiss cow

The Americans have the eagle, the French have the rooster… and the Swiss? While the Swiss cow may not be the official national emblem, it certainly holds a special place in the hearts of the people.

Officially, four animals represent Switzerland’s values and image: the ibex, the Saint Bernard, the marmot, and the cow.

As far back as antiquity, Swiss cow’s milk cheese was being produced, with cheese-making techniques introduced during the Roman conquest.

Switzerland also became known as a land of commerce, and Swiss cows were central to the economic system of the time. The Swiss gained a reputation across Europe as skilled and formidable cheese traders.

Many families in the countryside built their livelihoods around dairy production, and generations prospered thanks to these rich farming traditions..

From dairy to beef: The different Swiss cow breeds

The Braunvieh is a Swiss cattle breed, more commonly known as the Brown Swiss. It is also found in Austria and neighboring Germany. This breed is the ancestor of the American Brown Swiss cow. It is primarily a dairy cow, known for its excellent milk production.

The Evolène cow, also called Evolène or Evolénarde depending on the region, is a native Swiss breed. It is a dual-purpose cow, used both for milk and cheese production as well as for its meat.

The Hérens cow, originally from the canton of Valais, is notable for its completely black coat. Highly valued for the quality of its milk, it is also raised for its meat. It is one of Switzerland’s most iconic and admired breeds.

The Fribourgeoise was a historic Swiss cattle breed that has since disappeared. Recognizable by its striking black-and-white spotted coat, it once symbolized the region of the canton of Fribourg.

The Simmental breed comes from the Oberland Bernois valley. With its white head, powerful frame, and brown coat, it is a source of pride for the entire region. Like the Evolène, it is a dual-purpose breed.

The Jersey, though small in size, is one of Switzerland’s most productive dairy cows. With its light brown color and compact build, it is renowned for the richness and quantity of its milk.